Urine tests (Urinalysis) are the most common method of drug testing. They are painless, easy, quick, and cost-effective. They can also check for both illegal and prescription drugs. The person provides a urine sample, and a doctor or technician analyzes it. The analysis can determine whether a person has used specific drugs in the past few days or weeks, even after the effects of the drugs have worn off.

A urine drug screen can quickly and effectively detect the presence of illegal or prescription drugs in the body. Doctors, sports officials, and employers may request a urine drug screen for various reasons. These screens can check for a range of drugs, including marijuana, nicotine, barbiturates, and opioids, such as heroin and methadone. Some drugs remain traceable in the body longer than others. If an initial result is positive, a person may need to take a second test for confirmation.